Interactive Video Delivery Services

Interactive Video Delivery Services Video-On-Demand Interactive Services Interactive video delivery services are a fundamental change in the TV interface  paradigm. They shift the delivery paradigm from carrying many simultaneous parallel  streams (channels) to one that carries concurrent accesses through separate channels into a  database. Traditionally, in a broadcast TV system, many stations broadcast their programs  simultaneously and the user selects a specific channel to view. As a result, a user is  restricted to a chronology of parallel and competing programming whereas, an interactive  system makes all programming available to its users without this restriction. There is no  temporal restriction. All programming becomes available any time to the user. Types of Interactive Services Based on the amount of interactivity allowed (adapted from [4]), interactive services can be classified into several categories. The user is a passive participant and has no control over the session in broadcast (No-VOD) services that are similar to broadcast TV. The user signs up and pays for specific programming, similar to existing CATV PPV services in pay-per-view (PPV) services. The users are grouped based on a threshold of interest in quasi video-on-demand (Q-VOD) services. By switching to a different group, users can perform rudimentary temporal control activities. The functions like forward and reverse are simulated by transitions in discrete time intervals (on the order of 5 minutes) in near video-on-demand (N-VOD) services. The multiple channels with the same programming skewed in time [5, 15] can provide this capability. The user has complete control over the session presentation in true video-on-demand (T-VOD) services. The user has full-function VCR (virtual VCR) capabilities including forward and reverse play, freeze, and random positioning. For T-VOD, only a single channel is necessary; multiple channels become redundant. Technological Inhibitors There are other inhibiting issues to the ubiquitous deployment of interactive multimedia applications than just technological issues. In the digital environment, information is readily copied, reproduced, and altered, jeopardizing the established markets of the information providers. To convince an information provider to accept an all-digital system, certain incentives like mechanisms like encryption to protect intellectual property rights – that will maintain their data and thus help them stay in business are needed. (The Internet does not copy data, people copy data.) System Components for Video-on-Demand 5A detailed analysis of these issues is beyond the scope of this paper. An interesting survey of the  intellectual property rights problem has been provided by Samuelson [14]. Hundreds (if not thousands) of users with different viewing preferences will access a VOD system simultaneously. The quality of each session must remain within specified bounds to achieve customer satisfaction. This ensures the quality of the system. We will survey the individual technologies in the context of an end-to-end architecture for a VOD system. A typical VOD scenario contains a local database and server connected to user homes  via a communications network. The user home consists of a network interface coupled to a  display [4]. The user interacts with the system via a mouse or a computer keyboard. Fig. 2 illustrates this architecture. user interface and display high-speed backbone local database local server home viewer network interface multimedia archive and distributor multimedia archive Figure 2: A Simple VOD Architecture Management of System Resources in VOD We identified some of the technical problems in designing a VOD system in the previous sections. A VOD system is required to support a large customer population and many movie titles. Most existing prototypes are constricted to laboratory or office environments and support at most a few hundred users and up to a hundred movies. Large scale commercial systems  should need to more closely match the per-user resource requirements and usage patterns to  achieve economic feasibility. In this section, we look over some of these problems and discuss  existing research in this area. Resource Reservation One of the fundamental problems in developing a VOD system is one of storage and network I/O  bandwidth management. The VOD system possesses a finite amount of resources measured in  terms of storage I/O and communication bandwidths. As various customers compete for the same  system resources, efficient schemes that ensure fairness of allocation have to be designed. The service provider wants to generate the maximum revenue from the offered services. A  balance between these two often opposing requirements is necessary to tap the potential  benefits of the system. The first step to solve this problem is the development of an  accurate system model. We use the model proposed in Fig 2 as the basis for the remainder  of this discussion. The end-to-end VOD system comprises of three basic components; the storage server,  the network, and the user interface. The metadata server provides an additional level of  complexity to the system model. The time dependency of continuous media requires the  VOD system to ensure that the data transmission mechanism can provide for strict deadlines.   If these deadlines are missed, it is possible for the quality of the session to degrade. To ensure customer satisfaction, resources should be reserved along the entire data path of a connection on a per-session basis. The complexity of the resource reservation mechanism depends on the  application under consideration. Interactive services need the resource reservation to be made per-session along the entire data path, including at the source. A crucial factor which is affecting resource reservation is Quality-of-Service (QOS). The common interpretation of QOS is from a network perspective rather than a user or customer perspective. A more suitable view makes use of the two perspectives and yields two QOS characterizations (we can call them delivery quality and system QOS). A present  challenge is to identify the mapping from delivery quality to system QOS for a range of  system design parameters (e.g., data compression and network switching modes). User Traffic Characterization Although customers access the VOD system randomly, having a priori knowledge about  user access patterns can lead to a more efficient design. The system can make use of this information to manage network and storage bandwidths. As an example, if the traffic characteristics indicate that a movie is popular at a particular site, the system can replicate the movie locally to increase availability. The access pattern of users to the system will not be uniform over a given  24 hour period. Typically, one would expect the load to be low to moderate during the  daytime and to increase gradually through the evening and decrease again during the night. A hypothetical graph characterizing the access to a VOD database for a 24 hour period  is shown in Fig. 4. The access to the database is high during the evening hours, peaks at  around 9:00 PM, and is low-to-moderate during the day. This access pattern can be used for  designing schemes for various considerations like resource management; to update popularity tables, redistribute data, and reconfigure the system during off-peak hours. 0 5 10 15 20 time-of-day database-load Figure 4: A Schematic Daily-Access Model for a VOD System Similar models can be implemented and maintained for different geographical regions, movie categories, and individual titles. Such models are able to accommodate the differences in programming choices (e.g., children’s movies are more popular during the early evening hours) of different user groups. However, the complexity of these models, and their tractability is still to be established. Load Balancing An issue related directly to resource reservation is load balancing. The load balancing of VOD can be viewed as a combination of two sub-problems (i) The movie-storage  allocation problem and (ii) the resource location and connection establishment mechanism. Even though these problems are solved more easily individually, they are not independent  with respect to performance. From the perspective of a generic interactive  system, solving these issues is an open problem; however, simplifications can yield tractable solutions. As an example, if one assumes that a VOD system supports only stored data; i.e., movies  have to be digitized and stored before they can become available online, then the data  characteristics of a movie are well known in advance (e.g., the system has a priori knowledge  about the average bandwidth, burst rates, burst durations, etc.). This knowledge once available, can be used to simplify the design process. Making use of the metadata mechanism as described in Section 3 simplifies the task of management by decoupling the storage problem from the location problem.

Gerrymandering: United States House of Representatives and Election District Boundaries

Michael Effiom Prof. S. Sharifan Govt 2302-73058 March 4, 2013 Gerrymandering The main purpose of gerrymandering is to increase the number of legislative seats that can be won by the political party which is in charge of redrawing the district boundaries during that period of time, and to create â€Å"safe† seats for the party’s incumbent legislators which are seats in which the incumbent will always win re-election. Gerrymandering is the redrawing of election district boundaries to give an electoral advantage to a particular candidate or party. It has been recognized as a part of the American political landscape since 1812.The term derives from a redrawing of US Representative districts in Massachusetts before the 1812 elections, when Elbridge Gerry was governor. People said the district was reminiscent of a salamander and thus the term Gerry-mander was coined. The Constitution requires that representation in the House of Representatives be apportioned to states on the basis of population. So, every ten years we count up the number of people living in each state and making sure that each state gets at least one House member, divide up the rest of the seats among the states equally.States with large populations get a bigger amount of house seats smaller states get just the one. A variety of Supreme Court cases, however, have applied the 14th Amendment’s equal protection clause to the process of drawing legislative districts resulting in a requirement that each district have roughly the same population. So after each Census, states and localities have to redraw their district lines to ensure that the districts are roughly equal. This process redrawing of district lines has been blamed for almost every problem in American politics. The redistricting process therefore became a target for political reformers.In 2008, Californians enacted Prop. 11 and created the Citizens Redistricting Commission (CRC). State legislators would no longer be able to pick their own constituents. An independent commission would be in charge of drawing the lines for the Assembly and Senate. In 2010, the CRC’s mandate was expanded to include House districts as well. The party in control of redistricting can weaken its opposition by â€Å"packing† or â€Å"cracking†. Packing is to concentrate as many voters of the opposition party into a single electoral district to reduce their influence in voting in other districts.In some cases, this may be done to obtain representation for a community of common interest thus creating i. e. a minority group (Blacks or Hispanics) what is called a majority-minority district. Cracking is the spreading out of opposition voters across numerous â€Å"safe† districts which will dilute their voting percentage and its effect on the outcome. If representatives are required to be residents of their districts, redistricting may redraw the boundary to exclude his/her house, or draw them into a d istrict where they will lose the next election.Gerrymandering is a very serious problem. Effective gerrymanders can have significant policy implications. In California, for example, it makes a difference whether there are 23 or 24 Republicans in the Senate. If there are 23, Republicans can’t stop Democratic efforts to raise taxes. If there are 24, Republicans can. By pre-determining election outcomes, gerrymandering makes actual voting less consequential, and therefore it should discourage voter turnout, but because of a lack of awareness on the subject voter turnout is not significantly affected.Any variations in voter turnout mostly depend on voter age, income, education, race and ethnicity. Since ballots include many races for offices in various regions, some of which may genuinely be closely-contested, one or two â€Å"foregone conclusions† on the ballot will not diminish voter interest in other races. An effective way of combating gerrymandering is to follow the e xample of California and enact something similar to prop. 11 which will give the responsibility of redrawing the district line to independent non-partisan groups.This will remove partisan machinations from the drawing process and remove the unfair advantage that incumbents have over challengers to their seats. Sources Cited * Humphreys. M. 2009. â€Å"Can compactness constrain the Gerrymander? † http://www. columbia. edu/~mh2245/papers1/gerry. pdf * Smith, Kieth. â€Å"On Gerrymandering and Its Effects. † Web log post. Political Science at University of the Pacific. Pacificpoliticalscience. wordpress. com, 2 Nov. 2011. Web. 04 Mar. 2013.

Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald and His Work Essay - 735 Words

Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald and His Work By the time F. Scott Fitzgerald published The Great Gatsby in 1925, he had already amassed an impressive literary resume. From his first commercial publication of the short story, Babes in the Woods at age 23 to The Sensible Thing at age 28, Fitzgerald published fourteen short stories, one play, two collections of short stories, and two novels. His first novel, This Side of Paradise, made Fitzgerald a celebrity. The second, The Beautiful and the Damned, was serialized in Metropolitan Magazine. Few American writers published as many well-received short stories in the fiction market as Fitzgerald during this time. After publication of†¦show more content†¦Fitzgeralds maternal grandfather also represented high asperations. He immigrated from Ireland during the pre-Civil War era and became a wealthy, wholesale grocer in St. Paul. Although situated economically in an upper middle class, Fitzgerald developed bonds to upper class friends during his childhood, and aspired to experience the kinds of opportunties they enjoyed. The quest to achieve seems to have dominated Fitzgerald since early adolescence. Like many of his friends who attended prep schools in the East, Fitzgerald attended a Catholic prep school in New Jersey between1911-13 where he met Father Sigourney Fay. Fay encouraged his ambitions for personal distinction and achievement. After the death of his maternal grandmother, his familys sizeable inheritance allowed Fitzgerald to attend Princeton University the following year. He reportedly remarked at this time to his friend, Edmund Wilson, I want to be the greatest writer who ever lived, dont you? (Connors 1) During his senior year, Fitzgerald joined the Army, and thinking he would die in the war, rapidly wrote a novel, The Romantic Egotist. He later revised it as This Side of Paradise. After falling in love with a southern bell, Zelda Sayre, the youngest daughter of an Alabama Supreme Court justice, he proposed marriage. Zelda, similar to DaisysShow MoreRelatedA Tale Of The American Dreamer1410 Words   |  6 Pageson F. Scott Fitzgerald. Our book title is called â€Å"F. Scott Fitzgerald:The American Dreamer†, and is scribed by John Tessitore. This book is nonfiction and is a(n) biography. We will also note that the story takes place in 1896, and in the city of St. Paul Minnesota. Stating the basis of this novel, and now moving on to learn more about our eccentric American Dreamer. In order to dive into the book, me must first know our important characters. Our first character is Mr. Francis ScottRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald. You Wouldn’T Think That A Poor Student874 Words   |  4 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald You wouldn’t think that a poor student and terrible speller would be one of the best american authors in history, but there was something different about this man. 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Scott Fitzgerald893 Words   |  4 PagesIII 3 October 2014 From Party to Madness, And Everything In Between F. Scott Fitzgerald once said, â€Å"First you take a drink, then the drink takes a drink, then the drink takes you†. â€Å"The good life† can quickly dwindle into loneliness and sorrow, as portrayed in his masterpiece of a novel The Great Gatsby. Main character Jay Gatsby is an exceptional example of this. As Gatsby wanders throughout the novel trying to impress his lost love, Daisy Buchanan, throwing lavish parties and buying her uselessRead MoreEssay on Francis Scott Fitzgerald1331 Words   |  6 Pages Francis Scott Fitzgerald nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald is known as one of the most important American writers of his time. He wrote about the troubling time period in which he lived known as the Jazz Age. During this era people were either rich or dreamt of great wealth. Fitzgerald fell into the trap of wanting to be wealthy, and suffered great personal anguish because of these driving forces. I have chosen to write a term paper on F.Scott Fitzgerald. The goal of thisRead MoreComparison Of The Lost Generation In The Great Gatsby842 Words   |  4 Pageswas F. Scott Fitzgerald. Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was the only son of an unsuccessful father and a provincial mother. His father was obsessed with the literature in his time, so he named Fitzgerald after the author of ‘The Star-Spangled Banner’, Francis Scott Key. He spent two years of high school in St. Paul Academy and the other two years in Newman School, he tried hard to make himself unpopular. However, at Princeton he realized his dream of a successful writer and began to gain his reputationRead More Childhood Influences Impact the Writing of F. Scott Fitzgerald1019 Words   |  5 PagesChildhood Influences Impact the Writing of F. Scott Fitzgerald On Wednesday February 12 of 1890 F. Scott Fitzgeralds parents were married in Washington D.C. Six years later on September 24, 1896 Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was born at his home 481 Laurel Ave. in St. Paul, Minnesota. His two infant older sisters had died from a violent influenza so that by the time Fitzgerald came along Mollie Fitzgerald had become the proverbial nightmare that known as an overprotective mother. FitzgeraldsRead MoreThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1393 Words   |  6 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald was the model of the American image in the nineteen twenties. He had wealth, fame, a beautiful wife, and an adorable daughter; all seemed perfect. Beneath the gilded faà §ade, however, was an author who struggled with domestic and physical difficulties that plagued his personal life and career throughout its short span. 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(Thompson p.152) This theme of a misinterpreted American Dream was portrayed throughout what is said to be one of Fitzgerald’s most influential works, The Great Gatsby. Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was born in the great capital of Saint Paul, Minnesota. Born into an upper middle class family on September 24, 1896, Fitzgerald spent the first few years of his childhood life in Buffalo

Spelman College Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores, GPA

Spelman College is a  historically black womens college with an acceptance rate of 39%. Located near downtown Atlanta, Spelman shares resources with the Atlanta University Center, a consortium of HBCUs including  Clark Atlanta University,  Morehouse College,  and Morehouse School of Medicine. Spelman has a strong liberal arts focus and an 11-to-1 student/faculty ratio. Considering applying to Spelman College? Here are the admissions statistics you should know, including average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs of admitted students. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, Spelman College had an acceptance rate of 39%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 39 students were admitted, making Spelmans admissions process competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 9,451 Percent Admitted 39% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 15% SAT Scores and Requirements Spelman College requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 70% of admitted students submitted SAT scores. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 560 630 Math 520 590 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that most of Spelmans admitted students fall within the top 35% nationally on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to Spelman scored between 560 and 630, while 25% scored below 560 and 25% scored above 630. On the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 520 and 590, while 25% scored below 520 and 25% scored above 590. Applicants with a composite SAT score of 1220 or higher will have particularly competitive chances at Spelman College. Requirements Spelman does not require the SAT writing section. Note that Spelman participates in the scorechoice program, which means that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. ACT Scores or Requirements Spelman College requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 55% of admitted students submitted ACT scores. ACT Scores and Requirements Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile English 21 27 Math 20 25 Composite 22 26 This admissions data tells us that most of Spelmans admitted students fall within the top 37% nationally on the ACT. The middle 50% of students admitted to Spelman received a composite ACT score between 22 and 26, while 25% scored above 26 and 25% scored below 22. Requirements Spelman does not require the ACT writing section. Note that Spelman does not provide information regarding their ACT superscore policy. GPA In 2018, the average high school GPA of Spelmans incoming freshman class was 3.73. This data suggests that most successful applicants to Spelman College have primarily A grades. Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph Spelman College Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex. The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to Spelman College. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and calculate your chances of getting in  with a free Cappex account.. Admissions Chances Spelman College, which accepts fewer than 40% of applicants, has selective admissions. However, Spelman has a holistic admissions process involving other factors beyond your grades and test scores. A strong application essay and glowing letters of recommendation can strengthen your application, as can participation in meaningful extracurricular activities and a rigorous course schedule. Note that Spelman College has an Early Decision application program for students who are sure the college is their first choice school. Students with particularly compelling stories or achievements can still receive serious consideration even if their test scores are outside Spelmans average range. In the graph above, the blue and green dots represent accepted students. You can see that most successful applicants had averages in the B range or higher, SAT scores of about 1000 or higher (ERWM), and ACT composite scores of 20 or higher. If You Like Spelman College, You May Also Like These Schools Emory UniversityDuke UniversityFlorida State UniversityYale UniversityMount Holyoke CollegeScripps CollegeBrooklyn College All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and Spelman College Undergraduate Admissions Office.

Sexual Repression And Its Effects On Society - 852 Words

Advertising is everywhere. Advertisements follow us at every location and manipulate our minds to believe the product is more reliable, trustworthy, irresistible, and even sensual. In recent decades advertisements have progressively become more erotic and have appealed more to our natural desires for relationships than to the need for the product itself. It is not uncommon to see a perfume advertisement with a naked woman holding her breasts, a denim commercial with a man and woman making love, or a fast food ad with young women prancing around in small bikinis. Despite this outward media on sex, society runs into the contradiction of sexual repression. With the increase of pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases among teens, many people are quick to blame the media for the â€Å"forbidden† acts that are taking places. However, as we observe the morals and practices of sexual repression it reveals the possibility that the contradiction between both events cause more harm t o our culture. The contradiction between sex in the media and repression in society is making teenagers more susceptible to sexual confusion, unplanned teenage pregnancies, and sexually transmitted diseases. In order to reduce the damaging outcomes that are caused by media and abstinence programs, schools should incorporate more sexual education programs and promote contraceptive. Advertising companies should also get their minds out of the gutter and decrease the amount of sexual advertisements that areShow MoreRelatedHow Does Foucault s Freud s Repression Hypothesis?1620 Words   |  7 PagesHow does Foucault rebut Freud’s repression hypothesis? In the history of philosophy, many philosophers discuss the repression, however Freud’s and Foucault’s repression hypothesis are widely remains under the debate. Repression has psychological connection and it an attempt of a person in which he repels his desires towards pleasurable instincts by excluding the one’s conscious desire and holds it in the unconscious. As if the writer said, â€Å"Psychologically it is fully justified in beginning by censuringRead MoreAlfred Hitchcock And Psycho And Peter Shaffer1328 Words   |  6 PagesAlfred Hitchcock in the film Psycho and Peter Shaffer in his stage production Equus both explore the true nightmares that manifest from sexual and emotional repression. The writers emphasise the motives and the reason for the characters actions opposed to how the causations of this repression occurred. Conversely, both works draw on the common theme of the disturbed human psyche, offering a critical perspective on the upbringing of each individual with regards to their early development, each charactersRead MoreFreud s Theory Of Repression1558 Words   |  7 PagesFreud’s Repression Hypothesis Freud’s theory about repression is widely studied and discussed in the psychological studies. The repression is a normal way of life as every human receives numerous limitations by civil society. In book stated as, â€Å"The organic periodicity of the sexual process has persisted, it is true, but its effect on mental sexual excitation has been almost reversed. This change is connected primarily with the diminishing importance of the olfactory stimuli by means of which theRead MoreThe Imagination And Sexuality : Sexual Relief863 Words   |  4 PagesThe Imagination and Sexuality: Sexual Relief The imagination is the first site of an individual’s existence. It is within the imagination that the individual, through consciousness and unconsciousness, comes to know his or her true self, including one’s desires. Sigmund Freud influenced the studies of psychology and psychoanalysis, defining the unconscious as, â€Å"the storehouse of instinctual desires and needs. Childhood wishes and memories live on in unconscious life, even if they have been erasedRead MoreEssay about Sigmund Freud Theory1445 Words   |  6 Pageshave a physical effect on a person. Repression Freud believed that a person can lose complete control of their mental states through a process called Repression. The process caused a change in the mental state that could lead to mental illness. In particular, the repression of early sexual experiences could have a damaging effect on a person: A young child is told off by its mother for touching itself – â€Å"Don’t do that – it’s dirty!† The child comes to feel that feelings of a sexual nature are â€Å"dirty†Read MoreProstitution as a Form of Deviance Essay examples634 Words   |  3 Pagesstated that it is not the act itself that makes an action deviant, but rather how society reacts to it. A particular state of being that has been labeled as being deviant in the U.S. is prostitution. Prostitution is the direct selling of sexual acts for financial gains. In some form or other, prostitution has been recognized throughout history and all over the world. There has been alternating phases of repression and toleration of prostitution. Official Christian morality has always opposedRead MoreThe History Of Sexuality By Michel Foucault1729 Words   |  7 Pagesduring the 17th century, sexuality was not a big deal, and various sexual acts were pursued more or less deliberately. Primarily, there was no taboo concerning sex and people of all age groups including children were well aware of sexual behaviours. Michel then points out that sexuality was now shifted to the homes where it was meant to become a personal matter between two exclusive partners (Foucault, 1980). As such, the society manipulated and controlled the issue of sexuality such that it becameRead MoreFreud, S. on the Theory of Sexuality from his article The Transformations of Puberty in Three Essay on the Theory of Sexuality and other works1519 Words   |  7 PagesEssay s on the Theory of Sexuality, written in 1905, attempted to trace the course of the development of the sexual instinct in human beings from infancy to maturity. This instinct is not simply an animal instinct but is specific to both human culture and the form of conscious and unconscious life we live within it. For Freud sexuality is infinitely complicated and far-reaching in its effects and forms the basis of self-identity and interactions. His Third Essay discusses the transformations of pubertyRead MoreA Shameful Affair Essay981 Words   |  4 PagesShameful Affair. Explicator, 45, no. 1 (fall 1986): 59-60. In the following essay, Simpson discusses images of nature and society in A Shameful Affair. Mildred Orme, in Kate Chopins A Shameful Affair, is a socially conventional and sexually repressed young woman who has come to the Kraummer farm to escape the sexual demands that were made on her in civilized, urban society. Chopin uses fertile nature imagery to show Mildred being drawn out of the realm of sheltered social convention and intoRead MoreThe Portrayal Of Heterosexual Love1669 Words   |  7 Pagesresearch on the portrayal of heterosexual love in film and the effects that it has on millennial women and through the cycle of repression, its effect on minorities. The analytical framework consists of feminist theory as described by John Storey and Stuart Hall’s representation theory. Then, feminism in romantic fiction will be again be explored academically by Storey, exploring the power that romantic fiction in pop culture has on society and it role it plays in sex. Next, the phenomenon that is

Project Management Careers Free Essays

Project Management Fall 2012 Search the internet for terms project management, project management careers, project portfolio management, information technology project management. Write down the number hits that you received for each of these phrases find at least 3 web sites that provide interesting information on one of the topics write a two page paper summarizing key information about these 3 web sites as well as project management institution’s Web site (www. pmi. We will write a custom essay sample on Project Management Careers or any similar topic only for you Order Now org). Gant charts were dominantly used in the beggings of project management however in the 1950’s Entire jobs and professional careers were made around the idea of a â€Å"project manager†. Now in beginning of the 21st century technology has revolutionized the field of project management once again. My research and search results have shown that Project Management Jobs have sustained demand over the last 8 years compared to the general field of technology jobs which has seen steep decline since 2004. Google Trends Analysis One of the articles I had read form InformationWeek was titled â€Å"Project management Gets Lean† (IT can’t afford to do projects the old way. Lean project management gives a better picture of success or failure. ) In this article they explain a scenario where workers feel like projects are happening to them and not because of them. The article goes on to say that, Project managers can get so wrapped up in Gantt chars and forecasting that they often don’t look at the overall picture and this can lead to scope skewing or project failure. Managers have to start approaching projects as Participation over Compliance. Compliance makes everyone feel like a captive prisoner where was participation can give the individual the perception of being a part of the solution. It is staff attitude which often accounts for a projects success or failure. Also if a group does not understand a project is can often add confusion that may hinder the perceived success of an assignment. If at all possible it is best to keep it simple; adding complexity to the user is often not a requirement of a complex system. All users are not power users and do not require the grandiose system that upper users need. It is not a coincidence that Information Technology people often look to project management when they are interested in a career change. Both fields have Rigid deadlines, tight budgets, require careful planning, painstaking deployments all of which are common variables Information Technology and project management. It is difficult to classify a project as success for failure because most often projects in the IT field are never complete. As summed up in the article, the nature of IT means you are never done. Only when a project is a failure are you done. Having the ability to recognize failure is a skill that many project managers lack due to inflated ego. Figure A General Search Results Google Search ResultsProject ManagementAbout 691,000,000 results   Project Management CareersAbout 138,000,000 results Project Portfolio ManagementAbout 84,200,000 result Information Technology Project ManagementAbout 190,000,000 results| http://www. nformationweek. com/global-cio/interviews/leaving-it-4-job-options-for-frustrated/232900489? queryText=project%20management http://www. informationweek. com/global-cio/personnel/project-management-is-finally-getting-re/227800091? queryText=project%20management http://www. informationweek. com/software/project-management-gets-lean/232600005? printer_friendly=this-page http://www. google. com/trends/explore#q=project%20management%20jobs%2C%20Information%20Technology%20Project%20Managemen t;cmpt=q How to cite Project Management Careers, Essay examples

The Pledge of Allegiance free essay sample

During the program there would be a flag raising ceremony were his Pledge of Allegiance would be said. Bellamy’s Pledge reads as: â€Å"I pledge allegiance to my Flag and the Republic, for which it stands, one nation, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. † Bellamy added â€Å"to† in October of 1892 so it read: â€Å"to my Flag and to the Republic, for which it stands† In 1924, the Nation Flag Conference, under the Daughters of the American Revolution, changed the words â€Å"my Flag† to â€Å"the Flag of the United States of America,† under the protest of Bellamy. In 1953, the Knights of Columbus campaigned to have the words â€Å"Under God† added to the Pledge. We will write a custom essay sample on The Pledge of Allegiance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Their campaign got nowhere until in 1954, Rev. George Docherty preached a sermon where he said that â€Å"Apart from the mention to the phase ‘the United States of America,’ it could be the pledge of any republic. † In the following weeks, a bill was sponsored by Senator Homer Freguson to add â€Å"Under God† to the Pledge. It was approved as a joint resolution on June 8, 1954 and signed into law on Flag Day. Since it was signed in people have argued that it is a violation of the separation of church and state and it is an unconstitutional â€Å"endorsement of religion. â€Å"Under God† should be removed from the Pledge of Allegiance because it excludes people of other religions other than Christianity and atheists. Not all religions believe in one God and even those that do, do not say the word God, like Judaism. The reason some believe that â€Å"Under God† should be left in is that it is a statement about American tradition. Although Ameri ca’s founding fathers were Christian and many of the early settlers believe in some form of Christianity, America is now a nation of people from every religion and there should be some consideration to their beliefs and traditions.